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| 个人信息 |
| 姓 名： |
王译员 [编号]:867 |
性 别： |
男 |
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| 擅长专业： |
法律 |
出生年月： |
1980/12/1 |
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| 民 族： |
汉族 |
所在地区： |
福建 泉州 |
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| 文化程度： |
硕士 |
所学专业： |
法律 |
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| 毕业时间： |
38513 |
毕业学校： |
兰州大学 |
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| 第一外语： |
英语 |
等级水平： |
专八 |
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| 口译等级： |
中级 |
工作经历： |
4 年 |
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| 翻译库信息 |
| 可翻译语种： |
英语 |
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| 目前所在地： |
福建 泉州 |
| 可提供服务类型： |
笔译、口译 |
| 每周可提供服务时间： |
三十小时以上 |
| 证书信息 |
| 证书名称： |
雅思 |
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| 获证时间： |
2008/10/1 |
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| 获得分数： |
7.0 |
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| 工作经历 |
| 工作时期： |
2005/7/1--2009/9/1 |
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| 公司名称： |
泉州师范学院 |
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| 公司性质： |
其它 |
| 所属行业： |
教育/培训 |
| 所在部门： |
陈守仁工商信息学院 |
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| 职位： |
讲师 |
| 自我评价： |
专长法律英语翻译，尤其是公司章程、公司治理、商务合同、信用证、提单等 |
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| 笔译案例信息 |
| 案例标题： |
欧洲法通则：商事代理、特许经营与经销 (第8次草案) |
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| 原文： |
Chapter 1: General Provisions
Section 1: Scope of Chapter 1
Article 1:101: Scope
This Chapter applies to commercial agency, franchise and distribution contracts and to other contracts where one party, engaged in business independently uses its skills and efforts to bring another party’s products on to the market.
Section 2: Obligations
Article 1:201: Pre-Contractual Information
(1) A reasonable time before the contract is concluded each party must provide the other with adequate information.
(2) Adequate information means information which is sufficient to enable the other party to decide on a reasonably informed basis whether or not to enter into a contract of the type and on the terms under consideration.
(3) If a party’s non-compliance with paragraph 1 leads the other party to conclude a contract when the first party knew or could reasonable expected to have know that the other party, had it been provided with adequate and timely information, would not have entered the contract, or would have entered the contract only on fundamentally different terms, the other party may avoid the contract for mistake (Article 4:103 PECL).
(4) Parties may not derogate from this provision.
Article 1:202: Co-Operation
(1) In commercial agency, franchise and distribution contracts and in other long-term commercial contracts the obligation to co-operate (art. 1:202 PECL) is fundamental and particularly intense. It requires the parties in particular to collaborate actively and loyally and to co-ordinate their respective efforts in order to achieve the objectives of the contract.
(2) Parties may not derogate from this provision.
Article 1:203: Information during the Performance
(1) During the contract each party must provide the other in due time with all the information which the first party has and the second party needs in order to achieve the objectives of the contract.
(2) Parties may not derogate from this provision.
Article 1:204: Confidentiality
(1) A party who receives confidential information from the other, must keep such information confidential and must not disclose the information to third parties either during or after the end of the contract period.
(2) Any information which a party already had in its possession or which has been disclosed to the general public, and any information which must necessarily be disclosed to customers as a result of the operation of the business is not be regarded as confidential information for this purpose.
Section 3: Ending and Termination
Article 1:301: Contract for a Definite Period
(1) A contract for a definite period ends upon the expiry of the period determined by the contract. Unless the parties agreed otherwise, such a contract cannot be ended unilaterally beforehand, except in the case of ending for an urgent and important reason (art. 1:304).
(2) A party is free not to renew a contract for a definite period. However, if the other party has given notice in due time that it wishes to renew the contract, the party who wishes not to renew the contract must give the other party notice of its decision not to renew within a reasonable time before the expiry of the contract period.
(3) A contract for a definite period which continues to be performed by both parties after the contract period has expired becomes a contract for an indefinite period.
Article 1:302: Unilateral Ending Contract for Indefinite Period
(1) Either party to a contract for an indefinite period may end the contract by giving notice of reasonable length (art. 6:109 PECL).
(2) Whether a notice is of reasonable length depends, among other factors, on
(a) the time the contract has lasted,
(b) reasonable investments made,
(c) the time it will take to find a reasonable alternative, and
(d) usages.
(3) A notice period of one month for each year during which the contract has lasted, with a maximum of 36 months, is presumed to be reasonable.
(4) The notice period for the principal, the franchisor or the supplier is to be no shorter than one month for the first year, two months for the second, three months for the third, four months for the fourth, five months for the fifth and six months for the sixth and subsequent years during which the contract has lasted. Parties may not derogate from this provision.
(5) Agreements on longer notice periods than those laid down in Paragraphs 2 and 3 are valid provided that the agreed period to be observed by the principal, franchisor or supplier is no shorter than that to be observed by the commercial agent, the franchisee or the distributor.
[(6) The aggrieved party is not entitled to specific performance of the contract during the notice period. However, the court may order specific performance of contractual and post-contractual obligations which do not depend on co-operation.]
Article 1:303: Damages for Non-Observance Notice Period
(1) In the case of the non-observance of the notice periods mentioned in art. 1:301 (2) and 1:302 (1), the aggrieved party is entitled to damages.
(2) The general measure of damages is such sum which corresponds to the benefit which the aggrieved party would have obtained during the non-observed period of notice.
(3) The yearly benefit is presumed to be equal to the average benefit which the aggrieved party has obtained from the contract during the previous 3 years or, if the contract has lasted for a shorter period, during that period.
(4) The general rules on damages for non-performance (art. 9:501 ff PECL) apply accordingly.
Article 1:304: Unilateral Ending for Urgent and Important Reasons
(1) A party may end the contract unilaterally and without observing a notice period of reasonable length for an urgent and important reason.
(2) An urgent and important reason for ending is a circumstance of such a nature that, taking into account the interests of both parties, the party which ends the contract cannot reasonably be expected to continue the contract, even temporarily.
(3) A party’s right to end the contract for an urgent and important reason does not exclude that party’s right to damages for non-performance.
(4) Any stipulation leaving the decision as to whether there is an urgent and important reason to one of the parties remains without effect.
Article 1:305: Termination for Non-Performance
(1) A party may terminate the contract for non-performance only if the other party’s non-performance is fundamental within the meaning of Article 8:103 (b) and Article 8:103 (c) PECL (art. 9:301 PECL).
(2) Parties may not derogate from this provision.
Article 1:306: Indemnity for Goodwill
(1)When the contract comes to an end for any reason (including termination by either party for non-performance), a party is entitled to an indemnity from the other party for goodwill if and to the extent that
(a) the first party has significantly increased the other party’s volume of business and the other party continues to derive substantial benefits from that business, and
(b) the payment of the indemnity is reasonable having regard to all the circumstances.
(2) The grant of an indemnity does not prevent a party from seeking damages under Article 1:303.
Article 1:307: Stock, Spare Parts and Materials
If the contract is ended, terminated or avoided by either party, the principal, franchisor or supplier must repurchase the commercial agent’s, franchisee’s or distributor’s remaining stock, spare parts and materials at a reasonable price, unless the commercial agent, franchisee or distributor can reasonably resell them.
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| 译文： |
王金根 译
第一章 一般规定
第一节 第一章之适用范围
第1：101条 适用范围
本章适用于商事代理、特许经营与经销合同，以及从事商事活动之一方当事人独立地凭借其技能与能力将另一方当事人的产品打入市场的其他合同。
第二节 义务
第1：201条 合同前之信息
（1）合同签订前之合理时间内，各方当事人必须向对方提供充分之信息。
（2）充分之信息意指该信息足以使他方当事人在理性地知晓之基础上判断是否签订该类合同以及该合同之条款。
（3）若一方当事人未遵守第（1）款而致使他方当事人签订合同，而此当事人明知或应知他方当事人若被告知充分与及时之信息，则根本不会签订该合同、或本会签订完全不同条款之合同，则他方当事人有权撤销因错误而订立之合同（欧洲合同法通则第4：103条）。
（4）当事人不得背离本条之适用。
第1：202条 协作
（1）在商事代理、特许经营、经销合同以及其他长期性之商事合同中，互相协作（欧洲合同法通则第1：202条）是合同之根本义务。为了实现合同之目标，其尤其要求当事人积极忠诚地配合与协调各自之能力。
（2）当事人不得背离本条之适用。
第1：203条 履行时之信息
（1）合同期内，为实现合同之目标，各方当事人均应及时向他方提供其所知而对方亦需要之信息。
（2）当事人不得背离本条之适用。
第1：204条 保密
（1）从对方当事人处获得秘密信息之当事人必须就该信息保密，并不得于合同期间或合同结束后向第三人披露该信息。
（2）一方当事人已经知道或已经向公众披露之信息，以及因商事经营而必须对顾客披露之信息，不属于条所指之秘密信息。
第三节 终止与解除
第1：301条 确定期限之合同
（1）确定期限之合同自合同确定之期限届满时终止。除当事人另有约定外，该合同不得事先单方终止，但因紧急、重要之原因而终止除外（第1：304条）。
（2）当事人可自由选择不续签确定期限之合同。然而，若他方当事人于合理之时间通知对方其希望续签合同，则不愿续签合同之当事人应在合同到期前之合理时间内通知对方其不续签之决定。
（3）确定期限之合同到期后，双方当事人继续履行合同的，则该合同转变为不确定期限之合同。
第1：302条 不确定期限合同之单方终止
（1）对于不确定期限之合同，任意一方当事人都可根据事先合理期限之通知而终止（欧洲合同法通则第6：109条）。
（2）该通知之期限是否合理，取决于，但不限于：
(a) 合同已持续之时间；
(b) 已投入之合理投资；
(c) 寻找合理替代方式所需之时间，以及
(d) 惯例。
（3）合同每持续一年，则通知期限相应增加一个月，该时间推定为合理之期限。但最长不超过36个月。
（4）对委托人、特许人或供应商之通知期限第一年不应短于一个月，第二年不应短于两个月，第三年不应短于三个月，第四年不应短于四个月，第五年不应短于五个月、第六年及之后合同持续之更长年限不应短于六个月。当事人不得背离本条之适用。
（5）比本条第（2）、（3）款更长通知期限之约定为有效，只要该约定之期限中委托人、特许人或供应商所应遵守之期限不短于商事代理人、特许经销代理人或经销商应遵守之期限。
[（6）受害方无权于通知期限内请求对方实际履行。但，就不依赖于协作之合同义务与后合同义务，法院可判决实际履行。]
第1：303条 对不遵守通知期限之赔偿
（1）在不遵守第1：301条（2）款与第1：302条（1）款所规定之通知期限的情况下，受害方有权请求损害赔偿。
（2）损害赔偿之一般数额标准为受害方于不遵守通知期限内本应获得之利益。
（3）年度利益被推定为受害方过去三年中所获利益之平均数额，如果合同持续之时间短于3年，则为该持续期间之平均数额。
（4）不履行损害赔偿之一般规则（欧洲合同法通则第9：501条）相应地可以适用。
第1：304条 因紧急与重要之原因而单方终止
（1）因紧急与重要之原因，一方当事人可单方终止合同而无需遵守合理期限之通知义务。
（2）终止合同之紧急与重要原因指下述客观情况，即考虑到双方当事人的利益，终止合同之一方当事人不能被合理地期待继续、哪怕是暂时性地继续合同关系。
（3）当事人因紧急与重要之原因而终止合同之权利并不排斥对方当事人请求不履行损害赔偿之权利。
（4）将决定是否存在紧急与重要之原因给任意一方当事人之约定不具法律效力。
第1：305条 因不履行而解除合同
（1）仅在他方当事人不履行符合欧洲合同法通则第8：103条(b)与(c)款规定的根本违约之情形下，对方当事人才能解除合同（欧洲合同法通则第9：301条）。
（2）当事人不得背离本条之适用。
第1：306条 对商誉之赔偿
（1）如果合同因某一原因而终止（包括因当事人之不履行而解除），一方当事人有权要求对方当事人在、也仅在下述范围内赔偿其商誉之损失：
(a) 一方当事人实质上增加了对方当事人的营业额，且该对方当事人仍继续从该营业中获得实质性利益；且
(b) 考虑各种客观情况，支付赔偿是合理的。
（2）赋予赔偿权利并不排斥当事人依据第1：303条之规定请求损害赔偿金。
第1：307条 库存、备货与原材料
如任意一方当事人终止、解除或撤销合同，则委托人、特许人、供应商必须以合理之价格回购商事代理人、特许营销代理人或经销商所剩之库存、备货与原材料，但商事代理人、特许营销代理人或经销商能合理将他们转售者除外。
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