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| 个人信息 |
| 姓 名： |
祁译员 [编号]:4979 |
性 别： |
女 |
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| 擅长专业： |
翻译硕士 |
出生年月： |
1990/11/1 |
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| 民 族： |
汉族 |
所在地区： |
北京 北京 |
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| 文化程度： |
硕士 |
所学专业： |
文本翻译 |
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| 毕业时间： |
2015 |
毕业学校： |
北京大学 |
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| 第一外语： |
英语 |
等级水平： |
专业八级 |
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| 口译等级： |
高级 |
工作经历： |
1 年 |
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| 翻译库信息 |
| 可翻译语种： |
英语 |
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| 目前所在地： |
北京 北京 |
| 可提供服务类型： |
笔译 |
| 每周可提供服务时间： |
周二，周六，周日 |
| 证书信息 |
| 证书名称： |
英语专业八级 |
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| 获证时间： |
2012/6/1 |
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| 获得分数： |
75 |
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| 工作经历 |
| 工作时期： |
2013/6/1--2013/7/1 |
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| 公司名称： |
中国招商引资研究院 |
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| 公司性质： |
其它 |
| 所属行业： |
其他 |
| 所在部门： |
人事部 |
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| 职位： |
助理 |
| 自我评价： |
认真负责，积极乐观 |
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| 笔译案例信息 |
| 案例标题： |
EMIS |
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| 原文： |
The EMIS (electromagnetic isotope separation program surprised not only the IAEA, but the Western intelligence agencies. With this technique a stream of uranium ions is deflected by electromagnets in a vacuum chamber. The chamber and its associated equipment are called a calutron. The chamber and its associated equipment are called a calutron. The heavier U-238 ions are deflected less than the U-235 ions, and this slight difference is used to separate out the fissile U-235. However, "what in theory is a very efficient procedure is in practice a very, very messy affair," said Leslie Thorne, who recently retired as field activities manager on the IAEA action team. Invariably, some U-238 ions remain mixed with the U-235, and ion streams can be hard to control.
The two different isotopic materials accumulate in cup-shaped graphite containers. But their accumulation in the two containers can be thrown off wildly by small variations in the power to, and temperature of, the electromagnets. Thus in practice the materials tend to spatter all over the inside of the vacuum chamber, which must be cleaned after every few dozen hours of operation.
Hundreds of magnets and tens of millions of watts are needed. During the Manhattan Project, for example, the Y-12 EMIS facility at Oak Ridge in Tennessee used more power than Canada, plus the entire U. S. stockpile of silver; the latter was used to wind the many electromagnets required (copper was needed elsewhere in the war effort). Mainly because of such problems, U. S. scientists believed that no country would ever turn to EMIS to produce the relatively large amounts of enriched material needed for atomic weapons....
The discovery of the Iraqi EMIS program had much of the drama of a good spy novel. The first clue apparently came in the clothing of U. S. hostages held by Iraqi forces at Tuwaitha. After the hostages were released, their clothes were analyzed by intelligence experts, who found infinitesimal samples of nuclear materials with isotopic concentrations producible only in a calutrons....
The two basic types of atomic bombs are gun devices and implosion weapons. The latter are much more difficult to design and build, but provide higher explosive yields for a given amount of fissile material. IAEA investigators have found no evidence that Iraq was actively pursuing a gun device; it is clear, they say, that they concentrated their money and resources on an implosion device, and had even started work on fairly advanced implosion designs.
In an implosion device the fissile material is physically compressed by the force of a shock wave created with conventional explosives. Then, at just the right instant, neutrons are released, initiating the ultra fast fission chain reaction—an atomic blast核. Thus the main elements of an implosion device are a firing system, an explosive assembly, and the core. The firing system includes vacuum-tube-based, high-energy discharge devices called krytons that are capable of releasing enough energy to detonate the conventional explosive. The explosive assembly includes "lenses" that precisely focus the spherical, imploding shock wave on the fissile core, within which is a neutronic initiator. The IAEA has amassed ample evidence that the Iraqis had made progress in each of these areas.
Iraq's attempts to import krytons from CSI Technologies, Inc., San Marcos, Calif., made news in March 1990, when two Iraqis were arrested at London Heathrow airport after an 18-month "sting" operation involving U. S. and British Customs. Several years before that, however, Iraq did manage to get weapons-quality capacitors电容 from other U. S. concerns公司, and also produced its own capacitors....
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| 译文： |
电磁同位素分离计划不仅使国际原子能组织大吃一惊，也令西方各国的情报机构惊讶不已。有了这项技术，电磁体可以使铀离子流在真空室发生偏离。真空室及相关设备被称作电磁同位素分离器。较重的U-238离子比U-235离子偏离的程度更小，它们之间微小的差异被用于分隔裂变的U-235。然而，“理论上很有效的程序实际上是件非常非常麻烦的事情，”莱斯利•索恩如是说，他曾在国际原子能组织行动小组担任野外工作干事，前不久刚退休。一些U-238离子总是会和U-235混杂在一起，并且粒子流很难掌控。
两种不同的同位素物质堆积在杯状的石墨容器中，然而一旦电磁铁的功率或者温度发生轻微的变化，就足以使两个容器里的堆积物发生剧烈地摇摆。因此，在实际操作中真空室内部撒满了同位素物质，每隔十几个小时就要进行一次清理。
该项目需要几百个磁铁和上千万瓦特。例如在曼哈顿工程中，位于田纳西州的橡树岭 Y-12电磁同位素分离设备比加拿大全国使用的电力更多，另外该设备还使用了美国所有的银储备。银制品被缠在许多规定的电磁铁上（铜也被用于其他战争领域）。鉴于此类问题，美国科学家相信没有一个国家会借助同位素分离大量生产用于原子武器的浓缩材料。
在伊拉克发现同位素分离项目之事堪称一部密探小说。很明显，首条线索就是在图瓦特被伊拉克军队劫持的美国人质的衣物。人质获释后，情报专家对其衣物进行了分析，发现了极微量的核物质样本，而其中的同位素含量只有在分离同位素的装置中才能制造出来。
原子弹的两种基本类型是枪弹装置和内爆武器。后者更难以设计制造，但是它提供了高性能炸药产品，以生产定量的核燃料。国际原子能组织的研究员并未找到伊拉克积极参与制造枪弹装置的证据；研究员说，很明显，他们集中财力和物力生产内爆装置，甚至开始致力于较为先进的内爆设计。
在内爆装置中，核燃料受到常规炸药产生的冲击波的挤压。然后，中子在特定的时间内被释放出来，引发过激的快裂变连锁反应——核爆炸。因此内爆装置主要由燃烧系统，爆炸装置和核心构成。燃烧系统包括以真空管为基础的高能放电器，放电器被称为凯顿，它能够释放足够的能量来引爆常规炸药。爆炸装置包含“镜片装置”，精确地将球形爆炸冲击波瞄准裂变活性区，中子发生器位于裂变活性区内。国际原子能组织已经搜集了大量证据，证实伊拉克在这些领域已取得较大进展。
1990年3月，伊拉克试图从加利佛尼亚州圣马科斯的CSI技术有限公司进口凯顿，这一举动在当时成为新闻热点，此时美国和英国海关经过18个月的精心布置，终于在伦敦希思罗机场逮捕两名伊拉克人。然而就在几年前，伊拉克的确成功地从美国其他公司获得高品质的武器电容，并且制造出了本国的电容……
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| 案例标题： |
爱驴 |
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| 原文： |
某翁富而吝，善权子母，责负无虚日。后以年且老，艰于途，遂买一驴代步。顾爱惜甚至，非甚困惫，未尝肯据鞍，驴出翁胯下者，岁不过数四。
值天暑，有索于远道，不得已与驴俱。中道翁喘，乃跨驴，驰二三里，驴亦不习骑，亦喘。翁惊亟下，解其鞍。驴以为息已也，往故道逸归。翁急遽呼驴，驴走不顾，追之弗及也。
大惧驴亡，又怯于弃鞍，因负鞍趋归家，亟问：“驴在否？”其子曰：“驴在。”翁乃复喜。徐释鞍，始觉足顿而背裂也，又伤其暑，病逾月乃瘥。
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| 译文： |
A Spoiled Donkey
There was a stingy rich man who was always pinching pennies. As he was stricken in years, casual walking became an excessively painstaking task. Consequently, he bought a donkey as his means of transport to solve this problem. However, the old man cherished it so much that he seldom rode it unless he was extremely tired.
On a sweltering hot day in summer, he had to take his treasured donkey with him for he had a long way to go. Since he felt exhausted on the half way, he sat upon the donkey to travel for 2 to 3 miles. Unexpectedly, the donkey couldn’t move any longer for it rarely bore a heavy burden at ordinary times. The old man jumped off it immediately, and then disburdened the saddle and saddle blanket. The donkey took it for granted that it could have a good rest, so it went back the way they came. Nevertheless, the old man rushed to come up with it in vain. More than that, the donkey completely ignored him.
Not only did the old man fear the donkey would die in the accident, but also stuck in the dilemma whether to throw the saddle and saddle blanket away. Given that the saddle wasn’t free, he carried it by himself. As soon as he got home, he asked anxiously: “Did my donkey return home?” His son answered: “Yeah, it came back already.” The old man let out a sigh of relief. The moment he put the saddle down, he felt painful in his feet and back. In addition to the sweltering weather and sunstroke, he got sick for several months.
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| 案例标题： |
旅游翻译 |
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| 原文： |
作为中国人心中NO.1避暑胜地，乌镇的秀美风景，自不在话下。任贤齐的《外婆桥》在乌镇拍MV，李少红的《红楼梦》在乌镇取景，还有黄磊的《年华似水》，以及后来的刘若英也在这里做了广告，那种幽静和落寞深深的吸引着每位游客。小桥流水，江南水乡，一切都是那么的美好和祥和。处处无敌江南水乡美景，还真是未老莫还乡，还乡需断肠！
乌镇是江南四大名镇之一,是个具有六千余年悠久历史的古镇,曾名乌墩和青墩。乌镇是典型的江南水乡古镇,素有“鱼米之乡,丝绸之府”之称。1991年,乌镇被评为省级历史文化名城,1999年开始古镇保护和旅游开发工程,乌镇已被评为国家AAAA级景区,是全国20个黄金周预报景点之一。 乌镇虽历经2000多年沧桑,仍完整地保存着原有的水乡古镇的风貌和格局,梁、柱、门、窗上的木雕和石雕工艺精湛。当地的居民至今仍住在这些老房子里。全镇以河成街,桥街相连,依河筑屋,深宅大院,重脊高檐,河埠廊坊,过街骑楼,穿竹石栏,临河水阁,古色古香,水镇一体,呈现一派古朴、明洁的幽静,是江南典型的“小桥、流水、人家”.石板小路,古旧木屋,还有清清湖水的气息,仿佛都在提示着一种情致,一种氛围。乌镇是个水乡古镇,镇上有修真观、昭明太子读书处、唐代古银杏、转船湾、双桥等景点,西栅老街是我国保存最完好的明清建筑群之一。乌镇又是我国现代文学巨匠茅盾故里。镇上的茅盾故居是茅盾的出生地,现为国家级重点文物保护单位。东侧的立志书院是茅盾少年读书处,现辟为茅盾纪念馆。
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As the No. 1 summer resort in the Chinese people’s mind, the spectacular scenery of Wuzhen is self-evident. Since the quiet and secluded sight deeply strikes each tourist, many MV, TV series, film and other programs are shoot there, such as the MV of Ren Xianqi’s “Grandma's Bridge” , TV series of “Dream of the Red Chamber” directed by Li Shaohong, Huang Lei’s “Time Passes Like (Flowing) Water” and the commercial advertisement by Rene Liu afterwards. In the Yangtze River Delta, the picture of a small bridge over the flowing stream presents a beautiful and peaceful view. The magnificent scenery is reputed to be invincible. A wandering son is heartbroken at the thought of the hometown so that he dares not go home in his youth.
Wuzhen, also called Wu Tun and Qing Tun, is one of the four famous towns in south China with a long history of over 6000 years. As the typical ancient town in the south of Yangtze River, it is known as "a land flowing with milk and honey, and Home of silk”. In 1991, Wuzhen was rated as the provincial historic and cultural famous town. The conservation works and travel program began in 1999. Wuzhen has been entitled Grade AAAA tourism scenic spot of state level so as to be one of the 20 forecast attractions of the golden weeks. Although the ancient town has witnessed 2000 years of vicissitudes, it still preserves the original style and features as well as the structures with exquisite wood and stone carvings on beams, columns, doors and windows. The local residents are living in such old houses up to now. The river-streets run through the town with the bridges connected to the streets. Houses are built by the river with heavy ridge and high eaves. Rivers, sotto portico across the streets, boulder fences among the bamboos and waterside pavilion emanate an old-fashioned and antique flavor. The integration of water and town presents a simple and clear quiet picture, which is the vivid reflection of the typical image of “small bridge, flowing river, and houses”. The stone path, ancient shack and the smell of the clear lake seem to remind a fantastic kind of temperament and atmosphere. Wuzhen is an ancient water town with many appealing attractions such as Xiuzhen Temple, study of Prince Zhao Ming, ginkgo trees of the Tang Dynasty, Transshipment Bay and the twin bridge. The old street of Xishan is one of the best-preserved construction groups of Ming and Qing Dynasties. What’s more, Wuzhen is also the hometown of Mao Dun, the great master of Chinese modern literature. Mao Dun’s birthplace, his former residence in the town, is the national key cultural relic protection site currently. The Lizhi Academy in the east wing where Mao Dun studied has been established as Mao Dun memorial hall.
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| 案例标题： |
教授“跨界”找到芯片设计新算法 |
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| 原文： |
芯片由数以亿计的晶体管和互连线组成。一个指甲盖大小的芯片内互连线长度竟会达到10公里左右，相当于五角场到人民广场的距离。因此，由于要进行大量的数学计算，研制一块芯片，技术人员往往需要花费很长的时间。
复旦大学数学科学学院苏仰锋教授与复旦大学专用集成电路国家重点实验室曾璇教授领衔的跨学科交叉科研团队，率先提出了SOAR数学理论，有效提高集成电路设计中的运算效率，将大大提升芯片的设计速度。
5年前，负责研究芯片的曾璇教授发现，因计算量过大，无法完成芯片的设计；于是，他来到复旦数学学院，请苏仰锋教授帮助。此后，一个数学家开始学习芯片设计，一个集成电路专家学习高等数学。双方的合作，将原本数以千万计的数学计算，减少到了几百个，大大缩短了芯片设计中的计算时间。
此前，面对复杂和巨量的现代工程二阶计算问题，一般的计算处理方法是先通过线性化，把二阶问题转换成一阶问题，再用一阶Krylov投影方法继续运算。但是这一方法的明显缺点在于，一是计算量会成倍增长，另一个更大的缺点在于，在对原有工程计算问题进行数学上的“线性化”之后，一些极为重要的物理特性会“丢失”。
与传统线性化方法相比，苏仰锋团队此次得奖的二阶Krylov投影算法不仅可以极大地提高运算效率——使用这一算法，普通的笔记本电脑，只要鼠标轻轻一点就能很快获得结果，而且保持了工程系统的物理特性，其降阶后的数学模型还可以还原为物理系统。
从一阶到二阶，从1到2，别看是小小的一步，却是由单数到复数般的质变性突破。而这一步，在Krylov投影算法上，计算数学界走了55年。 |
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| 译文： |
Professors found new algorithm of chip design by “interdisciplinary cooperation”
Chip consists of hundreds of millions of transistors and interconnection lines. The length of a fingernail-sized chip interconnect could even reach 10 km, which is equal to the distance between Wujiao Court and People's Square. As a result, technicians need to take a long time to develop a chip due to numerous mathematical calculations.
The cross-disciplinary research team led by Professor Su Yangfeng from the School of Mathematical Sciences at Fudan University and Professor Zeng Xuan from the national key laboratory of ASIC at Fudan University proposes SOAR mathematical theory for the first time to improve the operational efficiency in the process of integrated circuit design and enhance the design speed of chip.
Five years ago, Professor Zeng Xuan, responsible for researching chip, found it impossible to complete the design of chip due to the excessive calculation. Subsequently, he resorted to Professor Su Yangfeng in Mathematics College of Fudan University. Afterwards, the mathematician began to learn chip design, while the expert of integrated circuit dived in the study of Advanced Mathematics. Their cooperation decreased the original tens of millions of mathematical calculations to a few hundred, thus greatly reducing the computation time in the process of chip design.
A short time ago, people usually adopted the general calculation approach of converting the second order problem into the first order problem through linearization and then continuing the calculation by first-order Krylov projection method when confronting with the complex and massive modern engineering second-order problems. However, one of the distinct disadvantages is that the amount of computations has doubled and redoubled, and the other is that certain extremely important physical characteristics will be missing after mathematically linearizing the computational problem of original project.
Compared with the traditional linear method, the second-order Krylov projection method of Su Yangfeng’s team, which has won the prize, can not only greatly improve the operational efficiency, but also maintain the physical characteristics of the engineering system. Using this algorithm, the ordinary computers can get results by a slight click of mouse, and the mathematical model of reduced order can be restored to the physical system.
From the first order to the second order, it is not a small step, but a great breakthrough from singular to plural. The computational and mathematical research has taken 55 years for the achievements in Krylov projection algorithm. |
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