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个人信息
姓 名: 刘译员  [编号]:3174 性 别: 女 
擅长专业: 经济,会计。金融 出生年月: 1989/5/1
民 族: 汉族 所在地区: 广东 广州
文化程度: 本科 所学专业: 经济与会计
毕业时间: 2012 毕业学校: 加州大学圣地亚哥分校
第一外语: 英语 等级水平: 八级以上
口译等级: 高级 工作经历: 1 年
翻译库信息
可翻译语种: 英语
目前所在地: 广东 广州
可提供服务类型: 笔译、口译
每周可提供服务时间: 12月19号到1月2号本人会在广州。工作时间灵活。 1月4号以后,本人会回去美国。如有需要,工作时间可以商议
证书信息
证书名称: 加州大学圣地亚哥录取通知书
获证时间: 2009/12/1
获得分数: GPA:3.59
工作经历
工作时期: 2009/9/1--2011/6/1
公司名称: mercischoolUSA
公司性质: 其它
所属行业: 其他
所在部门: 会计部
职位: 会计部助理
自我评价: 高效而准确地帮助会计部主管处理日常文件整理以及协助其他部门完成日常办公事务
笔译案例信息
案例标题: Focus on China - The Opening of Trade and China’s Shift Out of Agriculture
原文: The real world does in fact reveal the behavior portrayed in the diagrams and discussion of this chapter. Countries do react to the opening of trade in the ways predicted by diagrams like those in Figure 4.4 A good example is China’s progression to becoming a major trading nation after the near-total isolation and self-sufficiency that Chairman Mao imposed between 1958(at the start of the Great Leap Forward) and 1976(the year of Mao’s death and the end of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution).Though China covers a huge geographic area , it is not a land-abundant country . Rather , it is labor-abundant and land-scarce . True to the ancient Chinese saying “ Many people , little land , ’’ the country has about 20 percent of the world’s population but only about 10 percent of its farmable land. For such a labor-abundant country , this chapter’s theories would predict the following responses to the chance to trade with the rest of the world:  China should export labor-intensive products like clothing and import land-intensive products like wheat  China should shift resources out of producing land-intensive products like wheat and into producing labor-intensive products like clothing.  China’s production specialization should be incomplete. The country should go on producing some land-intensive products , though these should be a lower-share of production than before.  China should be a more prosperous country with trade than without trade. The theory even allows for the possibility that China could consume more of all goods , including both wheat and clothing. All these predictions have been coming true in China since 1976. The trade pattern is what we would expect : China has become a strong exporter of all sorts of manufactured products , including clothing , that take advantage of the country’s abundant labor supply . China has also turned to imports for a portion of its consumption of land-intensive products , including wheat. All over China, people have noticed the shift of production out of agriculture and into export-oriented industry . For example , in the crowded countryside of Shandong province , villages that once struggled with poor soil to grow wheat and corn for cities like Tianjin or Beijing have abandoned farming and now make furniture and pharmaceuticals . Even the relatively fertile villages of Jiangsu provinces , near the mouth of the Yangtse River , make textiles , steel , and other industrial goods . Similarly, in the south, Guangdong province used to send its rice north to Beijing. Now Guangdong , a leader in China’s rapid industrialization , consumes more rice than it produces , supplementing local crops with rice imports from Thailand. Both public opinion and the available statistics agree that the great majority of China’s population have gained purchasing power. Some Chinese do fear becoming dependent on imports of food . The fears seem to be greater in the government than in the population at large . The government in the 1990s decided to channel a large share of taxpayer’s money into promoting agricultural production , to retard the shift away from being self-sufficient in food . Yet many are less worried. Wu Xiedong, leader of one of those Jiangsu villages that switched from growing grain to making textiles and steel , is optimistic about the shift . As he put it in 1995, “As long as the present policy that allows farmers to go into industry doesn't change, we will continue to grow very fast.” As for relying on imported food , Wu says, “America has lots of grain , right? If America buys my steel , I’ll buy America’s grain.Then we can all get rich.”* China’s experience mirrors what happened earlier to Japan , Korea ,Taiwan(China) , and Hong Kong(China). All of these labor-abundant and landscarce areas reacted to the opening of trade by shifting into labor-intensive industry and out of land-intensive agriculture , and all of them prospered. *Note the “if “ part of this statement. If U.S policy blocked imports of industrial products from China , using tools like those we discuss in Part II , the Chinese would also reduce imports from the United States. The gains from trade then would be reduced.
译文: 聚焦中国--贸易开放和农业转移 本章节的图中反映的情况以及讨论的内容其实在现实世界中也有展现。很多国家对于贸易开放的反应跟类似图4.4 所预测的很相似。 一个很好的例子就是中国在经历了从1958年(大跃进的开始)到1976年(毛泽东逝世以及文化大革命的结束)由毛主席所带领的一个几乎完全与其他国家隔离以及自给自足的社会形态后依然能够发展成为一个重要的贸易开放国家。虽然中国有巨大的地理区域,但是它不是一个土地资源丰富的国家。 相反,它是劳动力丰富,土地资源短缺。就好像古代中国的说法:“ 人多地少”一样, 虽然中国的人口占全世界的百分之二十,但是它的可耕作的土地仅仅占世界的百分之十。对于一个劳动力如此丰富的国家,本章节的理论将会对于中国如果应对和世界进行贸易的机会而做出一下的推测: 中国应该出口像服装类的劳动力密集型产品和进口像小麦这种土地密集型的产品。 中国应该将资源从像服装的劳动力密集型产品转向生产像小麦这种土地密集型的产品。 中国的生产专业化不应该是绝对化的, 国家还是要继续生产劳动密集型的商品,但是跟以往相比,这些商品应该只占总生产的一小部分。 跟闭关自守相比,中国将会在开放贸易之后变得更加繁华。该理论甚至指出了中国会有消费更多包括小麦和衣物的各种不同的商品的可能性。 这些预测其实早在1976 已经变成了事实。其贸易格局也是我们所期望的:中国已经成为了一个各种工业产品输出的重要国家,当中包括了服装因其充分利用了中国丰富的劳动力优势。中国也开始转向进口一部分包括小麦的土地密集型产品。 在全中国范围内,人民早就意识到生产已经从农业转移到外向型产业。例如,在人口密集的山东省,很多过往常常挣扎在土地贫瘠的农田上耕作小麦和玉米的天津或北京城市,现在都迎接放弃了耕作而且转向制造家具和药品。 甚至连因为靠近长江流域而有着相对肥沃土壤的江苏省等村庄,都开始制造纺织,钢铁和其他工业产品。同样,在南方,广东省以往常常会向北京以北城市输送大米。 但是现在,作为在中国快速工业化的领导者,广东从泰国进口大米来补充当地农作物的不足,其大米消费量远远超出自身的生产量。 公众舆论和各种统计数据都一致认为大部分中国人口的购买力在逐渐升高。但是有部分中国公民担心这样子会造成对进口的过分依赖。但是这样的恐惧似乎是在政府而不是平民百姓中。在20世纪90年代政府决定利用一大笔税收去促进农业发展,从而避免了从自给自足的社会的剧烈变迁。然而,没有很多民众表示过多的担心。 作为一个倡议众多江苏村庄从种植谷物转移到纺织业和钢铁业的领导者吴谢洞,他对于这样的生产转移是很乐观的。他在1995来提出:只要允许农民进入工业领域的政策不改变, 我们还是会继续快速增长。关于进口产品过于依赖的忧虑,吴谢洞说:“美国有很多的谷物粮食,不是吗?如果美国愿意买我的钢铁,我会购买美国的粮食。对最后,我们都可以致富。” 中国的经验正好反映了解释了日本,韩国,台湾(中国),香港(中国)在早前所发生的变化。它们都是劳动力丰富但是土地资源缺乏的地区通过贸易开放从而从土地密集型产业转移到劳动密集型产业而他们都蓬勃发展起来。 要注意的是从上面提到的“如果”这个词。 如果美国的政策利用我们在本章节第二部分所谈到的方法去阻止从中国进口的工业产品,中国就会减少从美国进口产品。 从开放贸易所得到的收益就会减少。
  
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