 |
当前位置：首页 >> 个人服务 >> 预览个人简历信息 提醒：任何一种简历保密设置，都不会影响您在线投递简历。 |
|
| 个人信息 |
| 姓 名： |
肖译员 [编号]:1599 |
性 别： |
男 |
|
| 擅长专业： |
财经，商务，金融，证券，保险，合同，会计 |
出生年月： |
1971/8/1 |
|
| 民 族： |
汉族 |
所在地区： |
福建 福州 |
|
| 文化程度： |
本科 |
所学专业： |
财经和统计 |
|
| 毕业时间： |
34518 |
毕业学校： |
厦门大学 |
|
| 第一外语： |
英语 |
等级水平： |
PETS5 |
|
|
| 口译等级： |
中级 |
工作经历： |
15 年 |
|
|
| 翻译库信息 |
| 可翻译语种： |
英语 |
|
|
| 目前所在地： |
福建 福州 |
| 可提供服务类型： |
笔译 |
| 每周可提供服务时间： |
7天 |
| 工作经历 |
| 工作时期： |
2006/9/1--2007/9/1 |
|
| 公司名称： |
三明晨光高级中学 |
|
| 公司性质： |
民营企业 |
| 所属行业： |
教育/培训 |
| 所在部门： |
财务 |
|
| 职位： |
财务 |
| 自我评价： |
优秀 |
|
|
| 工作时期： |
2007/9/1--2009/10/1 |
|
| 公司名称： |
自由翻译 |
|
| 公司性质： |
其它 |
| 所属行业： |
财会/审计/统计 |
| 所在部门： |
财经翻译 |
|
| 职位： |
财经翻译 |
| 自我评价： |
优秀 |
|
|
| 笔译案例信息 |
| 案例标题： |
中国经济震撼日本 |
|
| 原文： |
TOKYO — For years, Japan has been readying itself for the day that it is eclipsed economically by China. But as a result of the global slowdown, Japan’s difficulty in managing its economy and China’s rise — on vivid display Thursday as Beijing celebrated the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic — that day may come sooner than anyone predicted.
Skip to next paragraph
Multimedia
Graphic
Catching Up to Japan
Related
How Do Japanese React to China’s Rise? Depends on Their Age (October 2, 2009)
China’s Next Stage
Can China spread the wealth and become a consumer society?
Post a Comment »
Enlarge This Image
Franck Robichon/European Pressphoto Agency
A worker walks past a truck at a Tokyo distribution center. Many economists expect Japan to cede its rank as the world’s second-largest economy sometime next year.
Though recent wild currency swings could delay the reckoning, many economists expect Japan to cede its rank as the world’s second-largest economy sometime next year, as much as five years earlier than previously forecast.
At stake are more than regional bragging rights: the reversal of fortune will bring an end to a global economic order that has prevailed for 40 years, with ramifications across arenas from trade and diplomacy to, potentially, military power.
China’s rise could accelerate Japan’s economic decline as it captures Japanese export markets, and as Japan’s crushing national debt increases and its aging population grows less and less productive — producing a downward spiral.
“It’s beyond my imagination how far Japan will fall in the world economy in 10, 20 years,” said Hideo Kumano, economist at the Dai-Ichi Life Research Institute in Tokyo.
Not long ago, Japan was “the economic miracle,” an ascendant juggernaut on its way to rivaling the United States, which has the biggest economy.
Now, many here ask whether Japan is destined to be the next Switzerland: rich and comfortable, but of little global import, largely ignored by the rest of the world.
Yet even this widely held hope among the country’s 127 million people may be slipping from Japan’s grasp.
The per-capita gross domestic product of Japan, which surged past that of the United States in the late 1980s, stalled at $34,300 in 2007; it is now a quarter below American levels and 19th in the world. Both income inequality and poverty are on the rise.
Unemployment stands at a record high of 5.7 percent, while prices and wages are falling fast. Japan’s economy shrank at an annualized rate of 11.7 percent in the first three months of the year before recovering to a modest 2.3 percent annual rate of growth in the second quarter.
The Chinese economy is likely to expand 8 percent in 2009, while economists expect the Japanese economy to shrink 3 percent for the year before returning to anemic growth of about 1 percent next year.
The Chinese economy grew about 10 percent a year for most of the last two decades. Over that period, Japan stagnated as huge public works projects aimed at reviving the economy went toward protecting moribund industries instead of fostering new ones, failing to lift Japan out of its doldrums while creating a huge debt burden.
The troubles in Japan have been confounded by its worst recession in postwar history, brought on by the financial crisis that swept across the globe. As demand evaporated in important overseas markets, production and exports slumped as much as 40 percent this year.
Even Japan Inc. is increasingly falling off the global map. In 1988, Nomura Securities issued a ranking of companies by market capitalization, and 8 of the top 10 were in Japan, topped by Nippon Telegraph & Telephone.
As of July 31 this year, not a single Japanese company made the global top 10.
The list was dominated by companies based in China and the United States; Toyota Motor ranked No. 22, at $144.5 billion, and only five other Japanese companies made the top 100.
The richest man in Japan, the retailing entrepreneur Tadashi Yanai, was 76th in the most recent global Forbes list, behind moguls from countries like Mexico, India and the Czech Republic — a far cry from the late 1980s, when Japanese industrialists like the railroad tycoon Yoshiaki Tsutsumi were among those at the top.
China has also surpassed Japan in having the biggest trade surplus and foreign currency reserves, as well as the highest steel production. And next year, China could overtake Japan as the largest automobile producer.
A new government has vowed to take Japan on a new development path, one that relies less on the exports that have long driven growth and is more focused on increasing domestic demand. The Democratic Party, which recently swept the long-ruling Liberal Democrats out of power, has promised to strengthen social welfare and redistribute wealth more evenly.
Per-capita income in China is still less than a tenth that in Japan. But by other measures, the Chinese economy long ago overtook that of Japan.
In terms of overall purchasing power, China surpassed Japan in 1992 and will overtake the United States before 2020.
In some ways, this reflects economic fundamentals: As countries develop, growth tends to slow. Annual growth in Japanese gross domestic product averaged 10.4 percent in the 1960s and 5 percent in the 1970s, but only 4 percent in the 1980s and 1.8 percent in the 1990s, according to Goldman Sachs. In the first decade of this century, growth has been even slower.
Some economists say Japan does not need to fear its neighbor. China became Japan’s largest trading partner in 2006, and China-bound exports were among the first to show signs of recovery in the recent slump. As the global auto market stagnates, carmakers like Toyota and Nissan are making a renewed play for the Chinese market.
“Japan is neighbors with a rapidly growing market,” said Nobuo Iizuka, chief economist at the Japan Center for Economic Research. “That is a great advantage, not a threat. The question is, can Japan build on that advantage?”
Still, said C. H. Kwan, a senior fellow at the Nomura Institute of Capital Market Research, based in Tokyo, “this is a big psychological shock to Japan.”
Mr. Kwan, a native of Hong Kong, migrated to Tokyo after being awed by the 1979 book “Japan as No. 1,” by Ezra F. Vogel, who sang the praises of the country’s fast economic growth.
Now, he is working on a book of his own: “China as No. 1.”
Based on current growth and currency trends, Mr. Kwan forecasts that the Chinese economy could surpass that of the United States in 2039. And that date could move up to 2026 if China lets its currency appreciate by a mere 2 percent a year.
“We’re no longer talking about China making lots of shoes,” he said. “China is about to leave everyone behind in a big way.”
|
|
| 译文： |
东京-----多少年来，日本人一直在等待着那一天：她的经济最终被中国超越的那一天。然而，随着全球衰退的影响，日本驾驭经济的艰难，以及中国的崛起---星期四的中华人民共和国诞生60周年庆典正是中国崛起的生动写照----那一天的到来比任何人所预测的要早很多。
虽然近期捉摸不定的汇率变动可能延缓那日子的到来，但许多经济学家预计，可能就在明年日本就要让出“世界经济第二”的宝座了，这比以前预测的要提早了5年。
它的内涵远远超过地区自我吹嘘的含义：财富地位的转换意味着一个建立长达40年之久的世界经济秩序的结束。它的影响是全方位的：从贸易到外交，甚至可能影响到军事力量。
中国的崛起或能加速日本经济的衰退--随着日本债务重压不断加大，老龄化人口变得越来越失去生产率，这产生了一种螺旋向下的趋势。
“在未来10年，你可能想象不到，日本在世界经济的排位会跌下多深。”，东京第一生命研究学院的经济学家Hideo Kumano说。
不久以前，日本还是“经济奇迹”，一个冉冉上升的经济巨人，足以和世界最大经济体-美利坚合众国相匹敌。
而现在，这里的许多人在问：日本是否能成为下一个瑞士---很少的出口，在很大程度上被世界遗忘，然而富裕而闲适。
尽管如此，这种1.27亿日本人普遍持有的美好愿望，却可能从他们手里溜走。
日本的人均GDP，在八十年代晚期一举超越美国；自2007年，它的34，300美元人均GDP裹足不前。现在，它比美国少了四分之一，在世界排在第19位。收入不平衡以及贫困率一直在上升。
失业率维持在创纪录的5.7%的高位上，而物价和工资却迅速下滑。在本年头3个月，日本经济以年率11.7%的速度在萎缩，第二季度稍稍恢复到温和的2.3%年增长率。
中国经济在2009年很可能以8%速度扩张，而经济学家预计日本经济本年下滑3%，在明年才可能恢复疲软的增长。
在过去20年的大部分年份，中国经济增长达10%；而同时在日本，缘于以提振经济为目标的大规模公共工程未能培育出新经济增长点，却去保护了垂死的产业，这非但没能让经济起色，反而制造出了大规模财政负担，日本经济因而停步不前。
自战后历史以来，在横扫全球的金融危机所带来的最严重的衰退中，日本面对的艰难确实令人困惑。随着海外市场的需求在消失，生产和出口在本年早期下降了40%之多。
甚至日本公司也逐渐在全球财富版图里退位。1988年，野村证券根据公司市值发表了公司排行榜，前10名上市公司有8家是日本公司，日本电报电话公司独据鳌头。
而在今年7月31日的排行版，没有一家日本公司进入前10名。
这份排行版被基于中国和美国的公司占据着，丰田公司以1445亿美元市值排在22位；在前100名中，日本仅仅5家公司入围。
日本最富有的人，零售业巨头柳正井，在最近出炉的福布斯全球排行版上排在76位，排在来自墨西哥、印度和捷克联邦的大亨之后。这和1980年代晚期大相径庭，当时日本产业巨子像铁路大亨堤义明也位居前列。
比起日本，中国拥有最大的贸易顺差和外汇储备，和最大的钢铁生产。明年，中国可能在汽车生产上一举超越日本，成为最大的汽车生产国。
日本新政府誓言要把日本引领到新的发展路子上去—更少地依靠长期推动日本经济增长的出口，更多地专注于增加国内需求。在近期选举横扫长期执政的自民党的民主党，发誓要加强社会福利和更加平均地分配财富。
中国的人均GDP仍旧不足日本的十分之一。但以其它变量考量，中国经济早就超越了日本。
就总体购买力而言，早在1992年中国就超越了日本，并且将在2020年前超越美国。
从某种程度上说，这反映了基本经济原理：随着经济增长，增长率倾向于放缓。据高盛公司数据，在六十年代，日本GDP年均增长达到10.4%，七十年代达5%，八十年代仅4%；而九十年代仅剩1.8%。在本世纪的第一个10年，经济增长更加地缓慢了。
一些经济学家说，日本不需对它的邻居太过忧虑。中国在2006年成为日本的最大贸易伙伴，在近期的低迷中，对中国的出口是日本显现出经济复苏的第一个信号。随着全球汽车市场的萎靡，日本汽车生产商像丰田和尼桑，在中国市场上又开始了新的攻势。
“日本和一个快速增长的市场做邻居，这不是一个威胁，这是一个大优势，”日本经济研究中心的首席经济学家Nobuo Iizuka说：“问题在于，日本是否能建立那种优势。”
C·H·匡，总部在东京的野村证券资本市场研究的高级研究员，说，“毕竟，对日本来说这仍旧是一个很大的心理震撼。”
匡先生是香港人，因震惊于1979年的伊孜拉·F·沃格尔的书“日本第一”，他移民到了东京。沃格尔在书中对日本经济腾飞大唱赞歌。
现在，匡先生在写他自己的书：“中国第一”。
基于当前的增长和汇率趋势，匡先生预计，中国经济可在2039年超过美国；如果中国让它的货币每年些微升值2%，那么可提早到2026年。
他说“我们将不再谈论中国生产了许多靴子。在任何方面，中国将大踏步前行，把任何国家甩在后边。”
|
|
|
|
|
